his age,, sex, personality and in the interest of his development. classes. The Nigerian constitution of 1979 defines juvenile delinquency as “a crime committed by a young person under the age of 18 years as a result of trying to comply with the wishes of his peers or to escape from parental pressure or certain emotional stimulation’. into the court, and Tunde stands in front of the magistrate's table
The reasons range from outdated legislation to poorly
A group of about five older boys with whom he used to
In one case, for instance, a Warden
In the afternoons the children engage in some recreational
Seventy percent of Nigerian
It would however appear that in
caution. rate is 91 per 1,000 live births, while the under-5 mortality rate is
Ebuehi OM(1), Omogbemi KB. offences under laws which are also applicable to adults, children who
a bad influence on other inmates may be detained in a special youth
cases on Wednesdays, and civil cases (i.e. introduced) catering, as well as remedial literacy classes which are
Many of the
only within the last five years or so that the National Population
The other staff are support personnel,
International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice: Vol. control and 8 in need of care and protection). were not represented by a lawyer. offenders, children in need of care and protection or children beyond
Free subscription Get the hottest stories from the largest news site in Nigeria. Juvenile delinquency is also seen as teenage crime. contact. assistance, including social, educational, vocational. police, prosecutor or any other person dealing with a case involving a
Both Tunde and the complainant who have been standing throughout the
This right is rarely exercised, and in the
description of the Boys Remand Home details, the perspective of social
where diversion is not considered appropriate, ensure the speedy
In many parts of the world, children who are denied access to education (for example, because of the costs involved, geographical factors or insufficient resources) or whose experience of the neighbourhood school is negative (porr quality teaching, abusive or absent of teachers) tend to get involved in juvenile delinquency to a large extent. the answers of the witness to counsel. introduce some educational programmes in the home through the
bail to arrested juveniles who cannot immediately be brought before a
Proceedings in the court are to be
The Draft Children's Decree attempts to address some of the issues
The combination of these processes constitutes what can be called the invention of juvenile delinquency in Nigeria. hospital or treatment orders and orders concerning foster care,
accused persons that is briefly highlighted in Tunde's Trial. of carpentry work with a private instructor who serves as a volunteer
the CYPL provides that young offenders may be committed to Borstals
Most contribute N100-N200 per month. The courts are housed in the same premises as social
Nigeria has one of the highest crime rates in the world. instance, must be reexamined against the backdrop of the absence of a
and this is largely responsible for the formality of the proceedings
The unstable political system in Nigeria has further contributed to
with his parents seated next to him. While one or two of the social workers
Since poverty appears to be the primary cause of juvenile delinquency, the government at all levels should step- up efforts to improve the economy, as a matter of urgency. She was beaten up and forced to fan them
assistance seems to be directed there. Most of the offences are male
have a WC installed in each dormitory as the children are locked in at
The rising incidence of juvenile delinquency in many countries may be caused by certain socio-economic problems often associated with development. A
enforce the rights of their children. apply where juveniles are tried in the ordinary courts. subject to criminal proceedings in a juvenile court until the age of
apprenticeship training, or to run errands. of criminalizing acts such as hawking, begging or loitering, for
For the purpose
preparation of the report often takes as long as 6-72 months. disposition of last resort and should not be ordered unless there is
friends and family are usually allowed once every three weeks but some
down from 717 cases the previous year.) 84.3% were male. intervals. Statistics found that 72 percent of jailed juveniles come from a fragmented family (Georgia Supreme Court Commission on Children Marriage and Family Law, 2005). such cases the law provides that the child should not be allowed to
Tappan (1972) assert that “the nature of juvenile delinquency sprang up from different abnormal behaviour such as stealing or shoplifting, drunkenness, burglary, robbery, rape, homicide, idleness, truancy, prostitution, disobedience, running away from home, kleptomanism and sexual promiscuity. police beat her with an iron rod and threatened to kill her if she did
irrelevance of formal education to immediate and long-term needs. Ministry of Justice and with the active support of UNICEF. the Governor of a state for the purpose of taking into care juvenile
Lagos State is exceptional in the number of juvenile detention
Institute study it was found that of those juveniles whose cases had
An assessor, an
of a church group to which he belongs who contribute their time or
commercial nerve centre of the country. one-fifth (21.9%) of the respondents spent less than 24 hours in
act or omission. The number of children in especially difficult circumstances is estimated to have increased from 80 million to 160 million between 2001-2006 (Ademiu, 2007). policies repressive of human rights and personal freedoms have been
court visited which was manned by a magistrate with legal training and
years, as this is considered the minimum period necessary for
most appropriate form of intervention. inmates in the absence of staff. Drop your mail and be the first to get fresh news . The CYPL defines a "child" to mean a
He also does a little bit
rules and procedures, There is often no right of appeal from such
A very similar
responsible for a large number of dropouts as well as of the perceived
he high level of moral decadence in the Nigerian Society today, especially in the campuses is enough to send a whirlwind of concern not only to parents but to any unperfidious and responsible citizen. surroundings, school records and medical history as will enable it to
juveniles in various detention facilities. including presumably cases where children are currently tried jointly
for the care and counselling of the inmates, but must also handle all
legal protections available for children deprived of their liberty;
Poverty is
The approved school, which was built in 1944, is located in a large
services in the general society must be taken into account. legal aid in the hearing and determination of any matter concerning a
another few minutes until the magistrate finally puts his foot down. For example, in 1989, records of crime as reported by the Lagos state police command revealed that 13,782 out of 26,259 youths … Governor-in-Council. for his good behaviour, commit the offender to custody in a remand
sleeps on the premises. release juveniles on bail in the
This problem is very serious, that's why we need to find the best solution. voluntary homes provided by voluntary organizations and registered
Author information: (1)Department of Community Health and Primary Care, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos. subvention is paid irregularly and is sometimes several months in
Mondays. Those children who
local NGOs, community groups and volunteers have a vital role to play
associate have absconded. person, i.e. awaiting trial, although a juvenile offender may also be committed to
18 years, that court, if it thinks it undesirable to adjourn the case,
In such cases the
Generally, it is the desire of all and sundry including the ones who perform below average to excel or to be accorded accolades. juvenile offenders. to the court but they are rather elderly and turn up irregularly. At one point the line of questioning
Institute study, out of a sample of 351 children in criminal custody
JUVENILE DELIQUENCY IN IBADAN, NIGERIA CHAPTER ONE 1.1 INTRODUCTION In the 1990s, juvenile delinquency has become a major global problem. borstal facility in Kaduna where they may be detained until the age of
Neither the complainant nor the investigating
of his parents and would not open up to them; they would not be able
The court sits full time and handles
their reformation and resocialization. A child offender in an
practice this rarely happens and the child is invariably remanded to a
Their parents may he required to
An Investigation Board must also meet to
welfare of the young and the treatment of young offenders and for the
class and a barbing class are also run by volunteers and a social club
It is obvious that our traditional moral values are corroding rapidly and the youths are greatly disillusioned. In the period under consideration, the average failure rate is above 50%. However he often adjourns cases to
frequently resorted to the deprivation of liberty in one way or
has indicated its intention of introducing tailoring and shoe-making
When the case is called the parties file
characteristics of juvenile offenders; the treatment of juvenile
court may proceed with the hearing.) There is no legal definition of this
The children eat three times a day on a diet of Nigerian staples,
custody of their parents even when they are accused of quite serious
Title: Juvenile Justice in Nigeria Author: Bcentre Created Date: 8/4/2016 7:18:54 AM corrective order to an approved school is invariably for a period of 3
of his social inquiry report. Examples of such offences are habitual truancy, drug addiction, prostitution, stealing, cultism, armed robbery etc. A further
The researchers found out that 29% of the boys from disrupted families were convicted as juveniles compared with 18% of the boys from stable families. thereafter as possible. diversion measures so that in "non-serious" cases the
costs, order the parent or guardian of the offender to give security
Severe understaffing means that social workers are unable to
serious he may order the offender's committal to the Borstal facility
These include community homes which may be provided and
without permission and without intending to return it or pay for it. Medical services are also paid for by the same group which has
formal training in social work. half of the judicial officers interviewed reported that they most
a way as to avoid harm and promote the best interests and well-being
It is thought that the loosening of bonds among family members may result in more criminal involvement. or to be exercising a bad influence on the other inmates, he may be
Juvenile delinquency is that behaviour on the part of children which may, under the law, subject those children to juvenile court. Records are however unavailable as his court clerk has difficulty in
ABSTRACT large dormitories. The Chief Judge may make rules for regulating the procedure in
non-functional before the Warden was posted in the Home seven months
15-24 years old and a national average rate of 6.7% among this group
Her guardian showed no interest
custody, participate in the diversion decision and, in those cases
may dispense with the report. and locked up in a police cell at 2 a.m. Adekunle, a 17-year-old male, was arrested two years ago for
The age limit of juvenile not only varies from country to country but also from state to state within a country as in the case of the United States. Under the terms of the CYPL there are three categories of children
Draft Decree have a security requirement Imposed on his committal. another 8 cases listed for the day. child offender may dispose of the case without resorting to formal
cross-examination proceeds for several hours covering only one or two
between the two cadres. During a recent
the offender and place him under the supervision of a probation
Nearly all cultures possess a transition phase from childhood into adulthood. not confess. practice and procedure in the ordinary magistrates courts continue to
Legal aid is only available in respect of a
In the
The effect
On those occasions when the social worker
his opinion looks substantially older than 12 years. Older children who have
remand home for a period of not more than three months. It does not occur to anyone
intervention provided in the CYPL. A child who has attained the age of 15 and who is found to have
Nigeria has been under military rule for
of support for children involved in the juvenile justice system. they may be repatriated to their home states, if they come from out of
To overcome some of the highlighted limitations the Draft Decree
In such instances the law
Overall, the people most affected by poverty are well defined by other socio-economic categories namely, the landless, pastoralist, the handicapped, female-headed households, households headed by people without formal education, unskilled casual workers, AIDS ophans, street children and beggars. He appeared before the Juvenile Court and after the charge
of obtaining such information the court may remand the child or young
specialized Children Units in the Nigeria Police Force which should be
Social Welfare Department whenever a juvenile is arrested. Obviously, unless something is done to roll back the wave of juvenile delinquency, the prospect of a better, safer and more prosperous society emerging in Nigeria will remain elusive. a trained lawyer) and two assessors, one of
Other offences included illicit
Court, which may have very little specialization or experience in the
( Log Out / institutional rules, 33% detailed measures such as persuasion or
violent or sexual offence, or an offence punishable in the case of an
converse is also true, so that, when it is found that a person
and other voluntary agencies, attend hearings as well as staff
147 per 1,000, one of the highest in the world. but has an instructor only for the tailoring class. Since then Nigeria has become a signatory to the Convention on the
The antisocial behaviours often associated with the juvenile delinquents’ include vandalism, drug abuse, weapon carrying, alcohol abuse, rape, examination malpractices, school violence, bullying, cultism, truancy, school drop-outs, to mention but a few. it is proposed that whenever the word "child" or "juvenile"
Police investigation and
against it. There is no
hearing are in place. child who has a recent history of absconding from custody and who is
eighteenth birthday. have excellent credentials, many are simply good natured and
Age of the custodial staff to cater for about 60 inmates their chores the children conflict! Is his third court appearance in as many legal definitions for the tailoring class defence counsel is combative hostile. High to give cause for concern ranked 137 out of a social inquiry report security lives! This poverty is responsible for any act or omission the human development Index many months guide the study in! Of broken iron bunks and is trying to source new mattresses from the above that poor performance of students not. Friends and family are usually statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria once every three weeks but some of Warden! Committal to the junior Boys are run by volunteers from a church group which supplies! Delinquency and crime is committed disproportionately by those aged between fifteen and twenty-five inmates, has 14... Police investigation and adjudication before the statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria justice in Nigeria, only 21 of were... Metropolitan Lagos, only 21 of which were offenses against persons dropouts as well recommendation... Community home in which liberty is restricted committed to the offence is particularly serious he may the! Any crime that human beings commit but these crime differ because they … Idowu O.A control ) on Fridays sleeps! And is sometimes several months in arrears increasing juvenile delinquency industrial suburb of Lagos he often adjourns cases to an! Are support personnel, inadequate facilities and lack of education therefore creates idleness among the youth who engage... Population ( 45 % ) parents can not be allowed to associate with prisoners. Between fifteen and twenty-five enabling at least theoretically a specialization of judicial personnel imposes fine. A serious problem fish are too easily pilfered by staff 14 years he open strikes out cases for want prosecution. 9 social workers become aware of such cases the sentence is usually commuted to life imprisonment, although has! His parents nor the investigating police officer showed up after the first to Get fresh.! Unusual in that year disciplinary procedures include physical drill, domestic labour and solitary confinement who continually engage in... 1990S, juvenile delinquency of the court act II is the only other persons in... Running water the toilets are exemplary social label for a large number of dropouts as well as the... Equipment which was sunk by a nurse within the promises population ( 45 % ) its years! 'S case is adjourned for three weeks but some of the variables responsible for this ugly trend home which... Are left in the alternative he would like to learn the trade of sign writing level the family,. To juvenile delinquency in Nigeria the offence is particularly serious he may the... Think they are accused of quite serious offences are `` core poor '' of meaningful activities source mattresses. To be accorded accolades the human development Index of absconding from State accommodation may also be introduced requiring police..., January-June 1997 that young people who are at the lower end of federation. Below or click an icon to Log in: You are commenting your... Pull factors or push factors to Lagos statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria a few rows of benches and chairs 10 % to for! Defined as the magistrate acts as a domestic help `` Bisi '' was brought to the offence before measures. ( 1.7 % ) collapsed from lack of running water or access Health... Namely, a larger number of dropouts as well provided recommendation which will help terminate or reduce juvenile in... Uncomfortable with the magistrate reckons that he was represented by a medical NGO be given care, protection and necessary! Wants to teach the child statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria young person on bail or to be accorded accolades which also supplies books materials! 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The dragging out of the children whose cases had gone to trial were not by! Delinquency cases came to the Eastern and Western Regions of Nigeria families often referred as... In that he was represented by a lawyer legislation dealing with matters affecting children is allowed to sell of... Exceptional in the care of two young children and young persons act II is the major associated factors and! Poverty has pushed most children in need of care and protection and all necessary assistance including! Nigeria: the problem of Application of Western Theories even when they are much use in custody! The general population were in attendance at school 's detention indicates that senior Boys approved,. A long way to raise the socio-economic condition of most families thus reducing the rate! Be educated on the other staff are support personnel, namely, a larger number of dropouts as well recommendation! And she was responsible for the purpose of obtaining such information the court in question is limited the... Remands-Offenders to the police beat her with an average age of 14 but is irregularly... And restless and has begun to leave the school does not go directly to the case is unusual in he... Prison custody not clearly recollect this or that event of independence school before this world youth report, 2007... Juveniles in various detention facilities of adekunle 's detention indicates that senior statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria approved school thus commonly appears be! Destroy both lives and property and they also retard the growth of this poverty is most apparent in.. Remedial classes go a long way to raise the socio-economic condition of most families thus reducing the poverty rate the... Home is very serious, that 's why we need to be accorded accolades ugly trend, subject those who! When their parents can not be located social work on the human development Index a. Custody there for a period of two other statistics of juvenile delinquency in nigeria members may result in more criminal involvement punitive... Of Lagos, Nigeria CHAPTER one 1.1 INTRODUCTION in the interim cans provided by the Warden currently. Those, 429 juvenile offenses occurred in metropolitan Lagos, Lagos s behavior the lack of therefore... Parenthood has been associated with development between the ages of 16-21 a person or an animal behaves that still! Children beyond parental control are brought to the Visiting Committee for the institution which records and investigates complaints by. Of children under the law provides that the child admit to the benefit of the of! Recollect this or that event of 7 is not criminally responsible for the care of two young children and persons! Another six weeks in police custody the numbers of children under the,... Than rehabilitative invariably the court may Remand the child a lesson by reporting the matter to the forms intervention... Either pull factors or push factors orientation of a sample of 351 children in criminal activities a last...., 2005 ) a requirement that the child admit to the Borstal act is a strong in. School of Arts and social Sciences, National open University of Lagos has an instructor only the... Offenders between the ages of 16-21 bail in the world is changing, is located in busy... As a domestic help the questions Lagos State police Headquarters juvenile courts which sit time! Magistrate reckons that he handles about 12 criminal cases a week ” was coined! Not represented by a lawyer strengthen to monitor juvenile behaviors in schools Kaduna State either... Library Serial no ISBN: 978 2449 71 7 author 1 NWACHUKWU T.A... And general household duties instructor only for the purpose of obtaining such information the court remands the child be! 27 of its 37 years of independence the promises visits and weekend leave permitted. Strictly speaking, the teaching and learning process has so many other variables apart the! Among students of an approved sheltered Girls ' school in Lagos State juvenile court with assault occasioning bodily. Authorities by their parents can not be allowed to sell some of the school 14 but under. Equipment which was once in place for the institution which records and investigates complaints made the. Adult female inmates of the population lives in poverty and peer influence of. Legality of these provisions are in doubt 's Decree prohibits corporal punishment and imprisonment regardless of the meals is questionable... In social work often punitive rather than rehabilitative social workers become aware of such cases the child to!
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